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Research Article

Efficiency Analysis of Machine Guidance Technology through Work Area Movement Patterns and Excavation Volume Comparison

작업 구역 이동 패턴 및 굴착량 비교를 통한 머신 가이던스 기술의 효용성 분석

Seung Ju Lee1
,
Min Ki Kim2
,
Sung Hwan Park3
,
Gil Sang Hwang4
,
Jeonghwan Kim5*
이 승주1
,
김 민기2
,
박 성환3
,
황 길상4
,
김 정환5*
1Undergraduate Researcher, Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation
2Undergraduate Researcher, Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation
3Undergraduate Researcher, Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation
4Undergraduate Researcher, Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation
5Corresponding Author, Member, Associate Professor, Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation
1국립한국교통대학교 사회기반공학전공 학부연구원
2국립한국교통대학교 사회기반공학전공 학부연구원
3국립한국교통대학교 사회기반공학전공 학부연구원
4국립한국교통대학교 사회기반공학전공 학부연구원
5교신저자 ‧ 정회원 ‧ 국립한국교통대학교 사회기반공학전공 부교수
*Corresponding Author
31 March 2025. pp. 9-15
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Abstract

This study quantitatively evaluates the performance differences between conventional and GNSS-based machine guidance excavators. Two 30-ton excavators—one operating in a traditional manner and the other equipped with machine guidance—were deployed in adjacent sections of an apartment construction site. Key metrics such as excavation volume and travel efficiency were recorded using cameras, GNSS devices, and level surveys, while time-series and pattern analyses were conducted to assess the frequency and duration of each operational step. The results show that the machine guidance excavator reduced total excavation time by approximately 27% and lowered the number of digging cycles by about 16% compared to the conventional excavator. Over-excavation and under-excavation rates were also significantly decreased, minimizing rework needs and enhancing overall accuracy. These findings underscore how real-time positional and depth data can address inefficiencies inherent in manual, experience-based operation. This research illustrates the advantages of machine guidance technology in improving both efficiency and precision in earthwork, with particularly strong implications for large-scale construction projects grappling with labor shortages and varying operator skill levels.

Keywords
Machine Guidance
Excavation Efficiency
GNSS
Construction Automation

본 연구는 기존 방식의 굴삭기와 GNSS 기반 머신 가이던스 굴삭기의 성능 차이를 정량적으로 평가한다. 30톤급 굴삭기 두 대를 아파트 건설 현장의 인접 구역에 배치하여, 한 대는 기존 방식으로, 다른 한 대는 머신 가이던스 시스템을 장착하여 작업하도록 하였다. 카메라, GNSS 장치, 레벨 측량을 이용하여 굴착량과 이동 효율 등의 주요 지표를 기록하였으며, 각 작업 단계의 빈도와 지속 시간을 평가하기 위해 시계열 및 패턴 분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 머신 가이던스 굴삭기는 기존 굴삭기에 비해 총 굴착 시간을 약 27% 단축시켰고, 굴삭 주기 횟수를 약 16% 감소시켰다. 또한, 과굴착 및 미굴착률을 크게 낮춰 재작업 필요성을 최소화하고 전체적인 정확도를 향상시켰다. 이러한 결과는 실시간 위치 및 깊이 데이터가 수동적인 경험 기반 작업에 내재된 비효율성을 어떻게 해결할 수 있는지를 보여준다. 본 연구는 머신 가이던스 기술이 토공 작업의 효율성과 정밀도를 향상시키는 데 어떠한 이점을 제공하는지 보여주며, 특히 노동력 부족과 작업자 숙련도 차이에 어려움을 겪고 있는 대규모 건설 프로젝트에 강력한 시사점을 제공한다.

키워드
머신 가이던스
굴착 효율성
GNSS
건설자동화
References
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Automation and Robotics in Construction
  • Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국건설자동화·로보틱스학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Construction Automation and Robotics
  • Journal Title(Ko) :건설자동화·로보틱스 논문집
  • Volume : 4
  • No :1
  • Pages :9-15
  • Received Date : 2025-02-21
  • Revised Date : 2025-03-25
  • Accepted Date : 2025-03-25
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.55785/JCAR.4.1.9
Journal Informaiton Journal of Construction Automation and Robotics Journal of Construction Automation and Robotics
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