Graph-Theoretic Optimization Strategies for Subway Station Crowd Evacuation

Fansheng Kong; Seungjun Ahn

doi:10.55785/JCAR.4.2.1

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2025 Vol.4, Issue 2 Next Page

Research Article

Graph-Theoretic Optimization Strategies for Subway Station Crowd Evacuation 지하철역 군중 대피를 위한 그래프 이론 기반 최적화 전략

2 July 2025. pp. 1-6

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Abstract

Efficient evacuation planning in subway stations is critical to ensuring passenger safety during emergencies. This study proposes a graph-theoretic framework to model and optimize pedestrian evacuation strategies based on realistic spatial and behavioral parameters. A detailed network of Seoul Guryong Station is constructed and used to simulate two routing strategies: a cost-aware shortest path algorithm and a greedy disjoint path algorithm. The former minimizes individual travel resistance, while the latter promotes dispersion to reduce congestion. Simulation results in AnyLogic show that the greedy strategy achieves more balanced exit usage and reduces total evacuation time from approximately 5.66 minutes to 5.18 minutes, a 10% improvement. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating flow distribution and pedestrian adaptability into routing design. The proposed approach offers a practical tool for subway operators and urban planners to enhance emergency preparedness and station design.

Keywords

Subway evacuation

Graph Theory

Simulation modeling

지하철역에서의 효율적인 대피 계획은 비상 상황 시 승객의 안전을 확보하는 데 매우 중요합니다. 본 연구에서는 공간적 제약과 보행자 행동을 반영한 그래프 이론 기반 대피 최적화 모델을 제안합니다. 서울 구룡역의 실제 구조를 바탕으로 두 가지 경로 전략—비용 기반 최단경로와 분산 중심의 탐욕적 분리 경로—을 시뮬레이션 하였습니다. AnyLogic 기반의 결과는 분리 경로 전략이 출입구 활용을 더 균형 있게 분산시키고, 전체 대피 시간을 약 10% 단축시킴을 보여주었습니다. 본 연구는 대피 경로 설계 시 흐름 분산과 보행자 적응성을 반영하는 것이 중요함을 시사하며, 지하철 운영자와 도시 계획자에게 실용적인 대안을 제시합니다.

키워드

지하철 대피

그래프 이론

시뮬레이션 모델링

References

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Automation and Robotics in Construction
Publisher(Ko) :(사)한국건설자동화·로보틱스학회
Journal Title :Journal of Construction Automation and Robotics
Journal Title(Ko) :건설자동화·로보틱스 논문집
Volume : 4
No :2
Pages :1-6
Received Date : 2025-06-16
Revised Date : 2025-06-30
Accepted Date : 2025-06-30
DOI :https://doi.org/10.55785/JCAR.4.2.1

Journal of Construction Automation and Robotics ISSN:2800-0552(Print) 2951-116X(Online) 건설자동화·로보틱스 논문집

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